Descarbonización en el transporte marítimo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56880/experior41.5Palabras clave:
comercio internacional, contaminación del agua, desarrollo económico, efectos de las actividades humanas, transporte marítimoResumen
El transporte marítimo es la vía principal para el comercio global, pero genera un 3% de las emisiones mundiales de dióxido de carbono, estableciendo la necesidad de disminuir esta cifra para cumplir con los objetivos de sostenibilidad ambiental y combatir el cambio climático. El estudio busca analizar las estrategias para la descarbonización del transporte marítimo y su impacto en la sostenibilidad ambiental, los costos operativos y el cumplimiento de las regulaciones internacionales. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, descriptivo y transversal, aplicando la técnica de saturación de información para extraer 32 referencias. Las estrategias se centraron en mejorar la eficiencia energética, el uso de combustibles alternativos y la implementación de tecnologías de reducción de emisiones, destacando el diseño de buques, los sistemas de propulsión, y la mejora de rutas y planificación de la navegación. Del estudio se desprende que se necesitan altos niveles de inversión para el desarrollo y adopción de tecnologías libres de carbono. Las regulaciones internacionales, aunque necesarias, deben ser equilibradas para no afectar negativamente la competitividad del sector, ya que la descarbonización total requiere de un esfuerzo global, innovación continua y políticas públicas que mejoren la transición hacia la navegación marítima sostenible.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.